Nama : Ingo Boy Manalu
NPM : 20209982
Kelas : 3EB14
Article Bahasa Inggris
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- When President Obama rejected the Keystone oil sands pipeline expansion last week, critics immediately sounded the China alarm.
"If we don't build this pipeline ... that oil is going to get shipped out to the Pacific Ocean and will be sold to the Chinese," said House Speaker John Boehner, echoing statements from pipeline supporters on both ides of the isle.
Yet experts say the situation is more complicated than that.
In an effort to diversify its export base and sell to growing markets, Canada has been looking to build a pipeline to its West Coast long before the Keystone controversy even began.
And actually laying a pipeline to the West Coast will be just as hard as building one through the United States.
"It's not a question of either or," said Sarah Ladislaw, an energy analyst at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. "That [talk] is just politically convenient."
The Northern Gateway: While Keystone's builder TransCanada has been dominating the headlines in the United States, its competitor Enbridge as been getting lots of ink in Canada with plans to build a pipeline of its own.
Known as Northern Gateway, the pipeline is a $5 billion project to carry crude from the oil sands region in Alberta to Kitimat, a deepwater port on Canada's West Coast about halfway between Seattle and the Alaska border. From there it would likely be loaded onto tankers and sent to Asia.
The desire to build a pipeline to the West Coast was there long before Keystone ran into trouble this summer.
Production from Canada's oil sands currently stands at about 1.6 million barrels per day. But that's slated to grow to between 3 to 5 million barrels per day over the next couple of decades.
Canada wants to sell this oil to growing markets in Asia, not simply rely on the Untied States, where oil demand is stagnant or declining.
With last week's rejection of Keystone, which was slated to carry oil from the oil sands to refineries and deepwater ports on the U.S. Gulf Coast, analysts say there's even more pressure to get Gateway built.
"There's no question that momentum for market diversification is building," said Peter Tertzakian, chief energy economist at ARC Financial, a Calgary-based private equity firm. "You'll see a faster track for the approval of this thing."
The desire to fast track Gateway may indeed be there, but environmentalists say it won't happen.
Canada has a stringent process for environmental permitting, and thousands of people have already signed up to protest the Gateway project, said Susan Casey-Lefkowitz, director of international programs at the Natural Resources Defense Council.
"Plus, in order to reach the Pacific the pipeline has to cross over tribal lands controlled by the First Nation people.
"First Nation people all along the proposed path are pretty united in their opposition," said Casey-Lefkowitz. "I don't see Northern Gateway being built."
Room for both? TransCanada, Keystone's builder, indicated there's plenty of oil to be sent both to the United States and China.
The company's head of pipeline operations, Alex Pourbaix, told CNNMoney the firm has no intentions of redirecting its resources away from a U.S. pipeline and towards one to the Pacific.
"We do expect that as production volumes grow there will be opportunities for Canadian producers to move their oil offshore to other markets than the U.S.," said Pourbaix. "But under almost any scenario, we believe [Keystone] can be in service far before any project to the West Coast."
Despite last week's rejection, TransCanada said they will resubmit their application, as the Obama administration invited them to do, and hope to have Keystone up and running by 2014.
Gateway, meanwhile, isn't slated to be operational until 2017.
Both the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Ladislaw and ARC's Tertzakian think that growing worldwide demand for oil means eventually both pipelines, and probably several others, will be built, even though oil from the oil sands carries a heavier environmental footprint than traditional crude.
Companies that produce in the oil sands, including Exxon Mobil (XOM, Fortune 500), Royal Dutch Shell (RDSA) and BP (BP), have been making efforts to minimize the environmental impact, but problems remain.
Due to that heavy footprint, which includes lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions some 5% to 30% greater than traditional crude oil, NRDC's Casey-Lefkowitz is working to ensure neither pipeline gets built.
"Where are we going as North America, and as a planet, in terms of our energy use," she said. "If we keep on going after these dirtier and less easy to access forms of fossil fuel, we will not be able to fight climate change.
inggris:
1) "It's not a question of either or," said Sarah Ladislaw, an energy analyst at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
2) Room for both? TransCanada, Keystone's builder, indicated there's plenty of oil to be sent both to the United States and China.
Indonesia :
1) "Ini bukan masalah baik atau," kata Sarah Ladislaw, analis energi di Pusat untuk Studi Strategis dan Internasional.
2) Ruang untuk keduanya? TransCanada, pembangun Keystone, menunjukkan ada banyak minyak untuk dikirim baik ke Amerika Serikat dan China.
Welcome to Jakarta, diplomatic capital
As we are approaching the final lap toward the formation of the ASEAN Community in 2015, the host city of the ASEAN secretariat, Jakarta, is becoming even more strategic.
It is a city, which hosts not only its 12 million-and-growing population, but also has the indisputable charisma of a regional hub attracting guests and temporary international residents.
Jakarta enjoys proximity to other international hubs, being only one hour and 20 minutes from Singapore, six hours from Syndey, seven hours from Tokyo, eight hours from Beijing and eight hours from New Delhi.
Transforming Jakarta into a diplomatic capital is neither a wish nor a dream, but an inevitable consequence of the role Indonesia is playing as the largest economy in the region. With its renewed commitment to leading ASEAN and its strategic position as a G-20 member, Indonesia is becoming a hub of power and opportunities.
Based on statistics published by the ASEAN secretariat, in 2009 alone, about 20 international organizations spent around US$100 million in Jakarta and employed approximately 7,000 staff members, including 4,000 Indonesians. The trend is rising, the numbers are growing and the city will need extra capacity to cater for them and supply the required space and services.
The presence of international organizations and the expanding of ASEAN creates immense opportunities and intangible benefits for Jakarta. The manifestation of Indonesia’s active foreign policy is blended with thriving investment opportunities and has created a charisma and vibe that is refreshing and very valuable at this point in time.
Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in his speech to ASEAN underlined the importance of the ASEAN secretariat over the years in the evolution of the association. He was also very clear about how this has contributed to what ASEAN has become today: one of world’s most successful regional organizations.
As the world is going through the hangover of the global crisis, one can sit in a commercial office or embassy in Jakarta, or stroll along stretches of restaurants and shops such as in Kemang and Thamrin and feel the optimism and positive energy.
Reputable rating agencies will put Indonesia into investment grade hopefully by the end of the year, which in turn creates a positive pulse of direct investment. GDP is estimated to reach approximately $1.3 trillion by 2015; this will make Indonesia the 16th largest economy in the G-20 with GDP per capita of around $5,000.
The 2010 report Globalization and World Cities Study Group, by Loughborough University UK has ranked Jakarta as an Alpha City together with Amsterdam, Beijing, Brussels, Buenos Aires, Frankfurt, Kuala Lumpur, Los Angeles, Madrid, Mexico City, Milan, Moscow, Mumbai, San Francisco, Sao Paulo, Seoul, Toronto and Washington. This means Jakarta has strategic positioning and influence in global interaction.
The premise of being an Alpha city among key cities in the world does not excuse Jakarta from its shortcomings. Challenges such as the poor availability of public transportation and Mass Rapid Transit and the need to improve its urban infrastructure and services, not to mention continuous efforts to become a greener city are the key issues for any governor of Jakarta.
Jakarta is still one of Asia’s best kept secrets to any expatriates living here. The quality of commercial, retail and residential property for expatriates is at all time high, with a still growing supply. Buzzing and vibrant shopping complexes, family entertainment and international as well as local restaurants are what is shaping Jakarta today.
The ASEAN secretariat is a great potential asset in this vibrant mix. Many cities in the world have gone through the process and enjoyed the benefits of hosting international bodies. Just look at other cities that host similar bodies, Nairobi, with more than 3,000 staff and related spending of approximately $350 million annually in the local economy. New York, 35,000 staff, spending $2.5 billion. Geneva, 27,000 staff with ¤2.9 billion and Vienna, 4,800 staff with ¤1.7 billion into the economy.
It’s high time for Jakarta to show her pride as host to the region and to the world. The capital city of diplomatic activities in the region is just a reaffirmation of the global influence of Batavia. Let us welcome our guests and reveal to the world Jakarta’s secrets and wonders.
Inggris :
1) It is a city, which hosts not only its 12 million-and-growing population, but also has the indisputable charisma of a regional hub attracting guests and temporary international residents.
2) Transforming Jakarta into a diplomatic capital is neither a wish nor a dream, but an inevitable consequence of the role Indonesia is playing as the largest economy in the region. With its renewed commitment to leading ASEAN and its strategic position as a G-20 member, Indonesia is becoming a hub of power and opportunities.
Indonesia :
1) Ini adalah kota, yang menjadi tuan rumah tidak hanya 12 juta penduduk-dan-pertumbuhan, tetapi juga memiliki karisma tak terbantahkan dari sebuah pusat regional menarik tamu dan warga internasional sementara.
2) Transformasi Jakarta menjadi ibukota diplomatik bukanlah keinginan atau mimpi, tetapi merupakan konsekuensi tak terelakkan dari peran Indonesia memainkan sebagai perekonomian terbesar di wilayah ini. Dengan komitmennya baru untuk memimpin ASEAN dan posisi strategis sebagai anggota G-20, Indonesia menjadi pusat kekuasaan dan kesempatan.
Sumber:
-CNN news
-The Jakarta Post
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar